Abstract
마애화령석지장은 해안가에 인접해 있고 해수에 의해 주기적으로 일정 부분이 침수되는 특수한 입지적 조건에 있다. 마애불을 구성하는 암석은 중립질 또는 조립질을 띠는 흑운모화강암으로 내구성이 강한 편이나, 암석 내부에 침투한 염용액과 주변 환경과의 복잡한 상호작용에 의해 구성암석의 색과 강도 및 내구성 등 물성이 변화된 상태이다. 마애불을 이루는 암석은 염(NaCl)결정화 작용에 의한 표면층 박리박락이 심각하다. 박리박락(14.6%)은 해수의 주요 경계면을 중심으로 대기에 상시 노출되는 상부에 집중되어 있다. 반면, 해수에 의해 주기적으로 침수되는 암괴 하부는 오염물이 침착되어 흑화층을 나타내며 이와 함께 갈색변색과 생물오염이 중첩된 상태이다. 표면 오염 및 변질은 흑색 변색(29.2%), 황색 변색(14.1%), 갈색 변색(4.4%), 녹색 변색(2.9%)의 순으로 높은 훼손율(50.5%)을 나타냈다. 또한 해수면을 경계로 상부가 해수에 침수되는 하부보다 초음파 속도가 낮고 편차가 커 많은 물성 변화가 있었음을 알 수 있으며, 특히 해수 침투 경계면의 표면 물성이 취약함을 확인하였다. Magai Wareiishi Jizo (Buddhist statue carved on rock surface) is close to shoreline and a part of rock block is periodically immersed by seawater. Rock material of the Wareiishi-jizo statue is composed mainly of medium or coarse-grained biotite granite and very durable. However, physical properties of the rock have been changed according to the complex interactions of the salt solution and surrounding environment. Exfoliation of the rock surface is a serious condition by salt crystallization. Exfoliation (14.6%) is concentrated on the upper part of the rock block with mainly boundary of seawater as the center. On the other hand, lower part of the rock block show black layers by contaminants deposition. In addition, brown discoloration and biological contaminants is overlapped. Rock surface show high discoloration rate of 50.5% (black discoloration, 29.2% > yellow discoloration, 14.1% > brown discoloration, 4.4% > green discoloration, 2.9%). Upper part of the rock block had a lot of change in the physical properties than lower part that is immersed by seawater. In particular, surface properties of the rock block was very weak state at the boundary surface of seawater permeation.
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More From: Journal of the Korean Conservation Science for Cultural Properties
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