АДАПТИВНИЙ ФІНАНСОВИЙ МЕХАНІЗМ УПРАВЛІННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЯМИ І КРЕДИТНИМ ПОРТФЕЛЕМ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

Abstract

The article provides a definition of the adaptive financial mechanism for managing investments and the enterprise's credit portfolio as a set of forms and methods of influence of the managing entity on the object, represented by real and financial investments, long- and short-term bank loans, taking into account changes in the internal and external environment by using methods risk forecasting and analysis. It is shown that the adaptive financial mechanism is a tool for the implementation of a flexible financial policy, the implementation of which will contribute to the growth of the enterprise's resistance to destructive changes in the external environment, the strengthening of financial stability and competitiveness, and the improvement of the well-being of its owners and workers. The content of the legislation that determines the legal status of investment activity, the regime of foreign investment, the inadmissibility of discrimination in taxation of business entities created using property and funds of domestic origin is summarized. It is shown that the legal basis for managing the credit portfolio of a business entity is the legislation on banks and banking activities, as well as regulatory acts that determine the procedure for determining the amount of credit risk by banks of Ukraine for active banking operations. The procedure for displaying investments and loans in the enterprise's balance sheet in accordance with national accounting standards has been considered, namely, investments are reflected in assets, bank loans – in liabilities. The legal characteristics of investments and loans that affect the adaptability of the enterprise are defined, in particular, the form of investment (real, financial), the subject of investment (domestic, foreign), the duration of using a bank loan (long-term, short-term), the credit history of the borrower, the presence collateral, its value and availability of insurance contracts. It is proven that taking into account the selected characteristics will allow the business entity to conduct a flexible investment and credit policy and effectively adapt to changes in the internal and external environment.