Оптимизация состава криопротектора для сохранения репродуктивных клеток африканского сома

Abstract

The article presents a study on the selection of the optimal composition of the protective medium for cryopres-ervation of the reproductive cells of male African catfish. Glycerol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at concentrations of 3, 5 and 10% were studied as the main cryoprotective additives. The influence of these compounds on the quality indicators of catfish sperm (the percentage and time of sperm movement after activation), the level of sperm lipid peroxidation, and the activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase before and after the cryopreservation process was assessed. A decrease in fish breeding indicators of the quality of African catfish sperm (the proportion of living cells, motility time) was established when DMSO was added to the basic cryomedium. The greatest decrease in the percentage of sperm motility before freezing is observed when DMSO is added at a concentration of 10%. A dose-dependent effect of a decrease in sperm activity after freezing was noted with an increase in the addition of DMSO to the cryogenic medium from 3 to 10%. It has been shown that 3% glycerol in a cryogenic medium does not contribute to the preservation of cells during freezing, cryodamage caused by the formation of ice crystals leads to a significant decrease in the motility of catfish sperm. The best indicators of sperm quality were obtained when using glycerol, the most effective concentration is 5% (40% of mobile reproductive cells within 53 s). The addition of 5% glycerol to the cryomedium contributes to the greatest decrease in the level of peroxidation of sperm lipids and an increase in catalase activity, which is fully consistent with the results on sperm motility. The calculated correlation coefficients confirm the dependence of the reproductive qualities of gametes on the antioxidant status of cells. The results indicate the importance of using antioxidants as cryoprotective additives to improve the quality of African catfish sperm breeding and indicate the need for more research to evaluate the effect of adding new potentially effective and safe antioxidants as cryoprotective additives.