Abstract
This study is to analyze the English phrase structures from cognitive perspectives. By applying phrase structures to the framework of Figure-Ground organization and Motion event, the system of grammar can be explained cognitively. The results are as follows: in a preposition phrase, some prepositions act like a motion verb semantically due to their directionality. The noun phrase also shows that its constituents can be established cognitively. In some verb phrases, the to-infinitive phrase has the future meaning by conceptualizing of the Path component to, whereas a gerund can be conceptualized as a past time; a Path component indicates to be more salient than a Figure component; both an adverb and a preposition are represented as Paths. Finally, it can be observed that the prepositions ‘to’ and ‘for’ can be apprehended as ‘primary conceptualization’ and ‘secondary conceptualization’, respectively, in an adjective phrase.
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