Проблема определения понятия «крупномерный посадочный материал» в озеленительной практике

Abstract

Рассмотрены проблемы, связанные с определением понятия «крупномерный посадочный материал», который используется в озеленении. Проанализированы действующие нормативные документы и практический опыт лесоводов. Определены критерии, которые целесообразно использовать при отнесении растения к крупномерному посадочному материалу. In article the problem of definition of the concept «large planting material», perspective for use at work on creation of forest ranges, landscaping and gardening is noted. The author has analysed the existing normative documents and practical experience of forestry specialists in a case in point. In the existing standards there is no unambiguous concept of that what planting material of a species and the size should be carried to large. Documents designate use for the silvicultural purposes of coniferous and deciduous tree species seedlings aged from one up to four years with insignificant height of plants from 10 to 60 centimeters. At the same time, among the different types of planting material used stands out for forest planting material intended for planting in planting areas or for landscaping, which is preparation, including with root-balled tree system inside the soil clod, briquettes or capacity with substrate. The possibility of use as plantlets of forest tree stock – wood plants of natural origin aged from 3 up to 5 years is separately designated. Taking into account a possibility of preparation of planting material in forest nurseries or under a forest canopy the author has defined criteria and their values which are expedient for using at reference of a plant to large. It is established that use as sign of a large plant height of a plantlets ageisn't effective in connection with differences in conditions of growth of plants and speed of their growth, especially during an preparatory stage of development. First of all planting material has to have a certain height – from 2 to 3,5 meters. For effective use in gardening and during landscaping creation wood plantlets have to have rather formed krone. Stem diameter of the lifting plant which rational values are ranging from 2 up to 3,5 centimeters can act as one more important criterion of a large plant height.