Экономическая эффективность инновационных разработок, направленных на увеличение производства молока

Abstract

Purpose. Assessment of the economic efficiency of using scientific developments in milk production. Materials and Methods. Scientific and economic experiments were carried out in three farms in the Volgograd region: breeding farm named after Lenin of Surovikinsky district; Agricultural Enterprise "Donskoye" LLC of Kalachevsky district and JSC "named after Kirov" of Staropoltavsky district. The object of research is lactating cows of Holstein, Red Steppe and Black-and-White breeds. The amount of fat, protein and other indicators contained in cows’ milk was determined in the conditions of the complex analytical laboratory of VRIMMP using standard methods. The calculation of economic indicators was carried out on the basis of data from summary reports on the results of livestock judgement, cards of breeding farms using methods of a systematic approach, analysis and calculation. Results. At the breeding farm named after Lenin, thanks to the use of lactulose-based feed additives in feeding cows, the milk yield of cows in the experimental groups increased by 5.59 and 8.09%, respectively, the fat content of milk – by 6.91 and 9.57%, protein – by 5.01 and 6.35 % compared to the control group. More profit was received from cows of experimental groups I and II compared to analogues in the control group by 1473.2 and 2131.0 rubles. The experimental groups exceeded the control group in terms of production profitability by 1.2 and 2.1%. In Agricultural Enterprise "Donskoye" LLC, the milk yield of cows during the highest lactation increased until the 3rd calving, and its increase was 1474.1 kg (15.4%). The animals that showed the greatest productivity (11,000.8 kg) after the first calving were 0.3 lactation higher than the animals that showed the greatest productivity in the second lactation. The introduction of modern scientific approaches made it possible to achieve a level of production profitability in 2022 of 30.0%, which is 2.6% higher than in 2018. At JSC "named after Kirov" produced 400 kg more milk per lactation, or 5.23%; profit – by 2980 rubles, or 8.5%; production profitability increased by 2.2%. Conclusion. The implementation of new scientific developments and intensive technologies at large dairy complexes makes it possible not only to improve the quality of the resulting dairy products, increase the productivity of animals, but also the overall profitability of industrial milk production.