Социальные и метаболические факторы риска артериальной гипертензии у подростков

Abstract

Aim: to study the features of social and metabolic indicators in adolescents with arterial hypertension (AH), to assess their informative significance and the magnitude of their contribution to the risk of developing this pathology. Design: a comparative clinical study of patients. Materials and Methods: The object of the study was adolescents aged 12–17 years (boys and girls) with and without AH. The 1st stage included the analysis of biomedical, social and metabolic indicators, the 2nd stage included an assessment of the informative significance and degree of participation of indicators as risk factors for AH. Methods: questioning, laboratory, clinical and functional, statistical. Examination program: verification of AH and its severity; association of AH with functional somatic disorders; features of biomedical, social and metabolic indicators; assessment of the significance and contribution of indicators as risk factors for AH. Results. Of the 504 examined, AH was diagnosed in 86 (17.06%) adolescents, of which 47.7% (41 people) had grade 1 AH and 52.3% (45 people) had grade 2 AH. Social risk factors for hypertension associated with family characteristics: the degree of marriage of parents — temporary cohabitation (OR = 3.36), father's profession — worker (OR = 3.14), father's education — secondary special (OR = 2.25), deviant family (OR = 2.78), family at medical and social risk (OR = 1.87). Metabolic predictors of the risk of AH: the presence of DLP (OR = 1.95), HChS (OR = 2.62), HTG (OR = 2.21), Hyper-β-CHS (OR = 1.87) and Hyper-pre-β-ChS (OR = 2.14). Conclusion. Along with traditional ones, it is necessary to identify and correct socially determined and metabolic risk factors for AH in order to optimize the diagnosis and prevention of this pathology in adolescents. Keywords: adolescents, arterial hypertension, risk factors, social factors, lipid spectrum