Подходы к типологии муниципальных образований Арктической зоны Российской Федерации

Abstract

The article proposes a methodological approach to the typology of municipalities in the Russian Arctic based on spatially and temporally stable parameters and characteristics. Within the framework of the methodological approach, the factors of spatial typology are natural-climatic, geographical, socio-economic, infrastructural parameters, as well as the characteristics of the territorial development. The municipalities of the Russian Arctic are differentiated by the level of economic development, the prevailing economic specialization, the level of transport accessibility, the development of the settlement system, the density of the urban network, the natural and climatic conditions for the population, and the spread of permafrost. The research logical basis of the proposed methodological approach is the ABC-analysis method, through which natural-geographical and socio-economic profiles are formed for various Arctic municipalities. The combination of various types of typologies of the territory forms an integral typology of the Russian Arctic municipalities, within which four main groups are distinguished, arranged from the maximum (best) values of the studied indicators and characteristics to the minimum (worst). Resulting typology is created primarily for decision makers — officials of different territorial levels, as well as existing and potential investors who need quick and timely information in order to make decisions when there is no possibility of long-term analysis and interpretation of many disparate data for sixty-one Russian Arctic municipalities. Another possible area of application, already for narrower specialists, including scientists, is the use of a typology of Arctic municipalities for spatial development monitoring.