청도군 운문사 입구 수구막이 소나무림 식생구조 및 생육 특성

Abstract

This study was designed to come up with a way of managing a cultural landscape forest by conducting research on the vegetation structure and growth characteristics. This study’s target site, which was 45,201m² in size, was <italic>Pinus densiflora</italic> forest for Sugumagi placed at the entrance of Unmun Temple, Sinwon-ri, Unmun-myeon, and Cheongdo-gun in the southernmost part of Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea. Sugumagi means the water of the valley flows far away, and where no downstream is visible according to feng shui. The historical sources of the Sugumagi <italic>Pinus densiflora</italic> forest at the entrance of Unmun Temple isn’t clear. It waw only found at that location. The <italic>Pinus densiflora</italic> forest at the entrance of Unmun Temple is located in the waterway in terms of Feng Shui. The present condition of growth was investigated through a grid surveys of 98 trees and <italic>Pinus densiflora</italic> growth. As a result of the analysis of growth status, <italic>Pinus densiflora</italic>, <italic>Larix leptolepis, Zelkova serrata, Celtis sinensis</italic>, and <italic>Rhus javanica</italic> were distributed in the conopy layer, and 28 species including <italic>Ailanthus altissima</italic> were grown in the understroy layer, and 92 species, including <italic>Ampelopsis brevipedunculata</italic>, in the shrub layer. The plant community structure was divided into low, medium and high-density <italic>Pinus densiflora</italic> forests in the study area, based on the number in the conopy layer and the grade of and the trees analyzed. As a result of the analysis, the <italic>Pinus densiflora</italic> dominated the low, medium and high-density <italic>Pinus densiflora</italic> forests, and there were no competitive species. The relative dominance of the low-density <italic>Pinus densiflora</italic> forests was 46.9% on average, medium-density was 62.6% and 50.2% was found in high-density. The mean species diversity of Shannon in the low-density study was 0.7055, medium -density study was 0.8966 and the average species diversity of Shannon in the high-density study was 0.8317. The analysis of the age and growth of 25 sample trees in the Sugumagi <italic>Pinus densiflora</italic> forest shows that the distribution of the chest diameter (DBH) of the sample <italic>Pinus densiflora</italic> is 38 to 77cm with the average chest diameter being 61.1cm. The age was 84-161 years and the average was 114 years. In the <italic>Pinus densiflora</italic> forest, most(670,659, or 98.3%) of the tree trunk wound was collected for rosins during the Japanese colonia Era, Of the total 670, 659 were <italic>Pinus densiflora</italic>, 98.3% of the total. 394 were surgically repaired in 2005. For the preservation of the Sugumagi <italic>Pinus densiflora</italic> forest, dead trees should be replaced with substitute trees appropriate to the middle and south topography. It is demanded that foreign species such as <italic>Larix leptolepis</italic> in the research area should be removed and <italic>Pinus densiflora</italic> that underwent surgical operations should be regularly sterilized. It is also emphasized that the management of insecticide is important.