Забезпечення фізіологічних потреб населення України в енергї та білку

Abstract

The general level of nutrition of the population of Ukraine was studied. The degree of satisfaction of physiological nutritional needs was studied through the main indicators of food quality — energy and protein. As the starting point for this, the Standards for the physiological needs of the population of Ukraine in the main nutrients and energy and the annual statistics were taken. The analysis of the results showed that during the years 2010-2016 the index of physiological norm of consumption of food energy should be in the range of 2457-2380 kcal, in average 2400 kcal. Indicators for protein should be 75,7-75,9 g and 75,4 g respectively. The actual indices for providing physiological nutritional needs for energy and protein were 2983-2742, 2905 kcal, 87,5-84,1, 87,5 g. respectively. The energy-protein ratio during the years 2010-2016 normally should be in the amount of 31,5-31,7 and an average of 31,8 kcal/g. The actual values were at the level of 34,1-32,6 and 33,2 respectively. The indicator of protein-energy ratio, for the years 2010-2016, should normally be in the range of 30,8-31,5 and in average 31,4 g/1000 kcal. Actual values were at the level of 29,3-32,6 and 30,1 g /1000 kcal respectively. The actual average energy-protein ratio was higher for 4,4 percent, while the protein-energy ratio was 4,1 percent lower. The values of the energy-protein and protein-energy ratio indicate the level of physiological fullness of the diet. The obtained results can be used as one of the possible approaches for analyzing the overall quality of the population's nutrition. Key Words: nutrition, energy, protein, physiological norms, energy-protein ratio, protein-energy ratio.