ДЕРЖАВНА ПОЛІТИКА ПІДТРИМКИ «ЗЕЛЕНОЇ» ЕКОНОМІКИ У ПЕРЕДОВИХ КРАЇНАХ СВІТУ

Abstract

The article analyzes the key measures of state policy on the formation of environmental awareness and support of environmental standards in economic activity. The main tools and key policy measures for the greening of economic activity are identified. The key Directives that guide the developed countries of the world for the formation of environmental awareness, the formation of a conscious civil society, each of whose participants is interested in environmental standards, guided by environmental principles and defines the key conditions of their lives in terms of greening. The main documents regulating the activities of various economic entities in different sectors of the economy and production are identified. It is determined that the developed countries of the world form a purposeful policy of sustainable development, which is focused on synergetic participation of all economic entities and their active cooperation, which would generally allow to adhere to the key principles of greening and socialization. In addition to general policies and programs in the European Union, there are separate programs that focus on certain aspects of greening economic activity. These include programs aimed at: sustainable consumption and production; air quality assurance; regulation of the use of various substances in the chemical industry; regulation of waste management; closed cycle economy; land use, afforestation; the level of funding for projects aimed at the environment; sustainable financing. All policy measures aimed at environmental policy can be divided into: caused by external factors, incentives, institutional, investment, information and inclusive. It should be noted that a significant number of policies of developed countries relate not only to general aspects of greening, but also to certain activities (for example, protection of forests, river basins, etc.). The article analyzes the experience of developed countries, in particular the countries of Northern and North-Western Europe. The developed countries of the world are guided by a large number of documents that regulate and standardize the activities of companies, households, individuals and the state in general.