학업 상황에서의 대학생 자기통제 전략 척도 개발 및 타당화

Abstract

In academic contexts, effective self-control strategies are essential for students to persist in their studies and avoid succumbing to distractions and temptations. This study aimed to develop and validate a self-control strategy scale for college students in academic situations. A self-report survey questionnaire was developed based on previous studies, consisting of 10 self-control strategies used in academic contexts: situation selection and modification, punishment, reward, precommitment, distraction, cognitive change, acceptance, physiological arousal, behavioral inhibition, and studying after temporary desire satisfaction. After review by experts, the survey was administered to 639 undergraduate students in Korea. To conduct cross-validation, the survey response data was split into halves; exploratory factor analysis was performed on one half of the data (n = 311). Confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, and criterion validity analysis were conducted on the other half of the data (n = 328). Based on the results of exploratory factor analysis, a final set of 30 items (three items per factor) was selected for the scale. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the goodness-of-fit of the final scale model, and the reliability of the factors was consistently high. Analysis of the correlations with criterion variables showed that higher utilization of self-control strategies in academic situations was associated with higher levels of trait self-control and academic self-regulation, and with lower levels of self-control failure. On the other hand, the studying after temporary desire satisfaction strategy and the acceptance strategy showed contrasting relations with other strategies. The relation between the reward strategy and self-control failure was not significant. This newly developed scale is expected to be helpful in identifying the types of self-control strategies that college students use in academic contexts and in developing effective interventions to overcome temptations.