Влияние идей К. Д. Ушинского на современную практическую психологию

Abstract

The article attempts to trace the connection between the worldview positions and attitudes of Konstantin Dmitrievich Ushinsky and modern scientific ideas in the field of practical psychology. It is noted that a new round of interest in the ideas of the great Russian teacher is due to conceptual changes in domestic education, understanding the problems and priorities of its development, and the search for new models and strategies for pedagogical interaction. The object of the study is the problems of man, dialogue and artistic creativity in the legacy of Ushinsky and in modern psychological practice. The influence of the ideas of Ushinsky is noted both in the course of accumulation and systematization of knowledge about a person, and in the process of building psychological anthropology. It is considered how the problem of the influence of one personality on another in the legacy of Ushinsky develops in the dialogical approach of T.A.Florenskaya, based on the spiritual and moral guidelines that have been established over the centuries and are inextricably linked with the traditions of Russian philosophical thought. Particular attention is paid to dialogue, which is understood as a creative, spiritually transformative communication. The constitutive principles and basic concepts of a spiritually oriented dialogue are considered. The vector of personal development of a person in the conditions of internal dialogue is indicated and the consequences in the situation of its deformation are named. The influence of Ushinsky's idea about the role of artistic creativity on modern art therapy practice, which combines various types of art with therapeutic, correctional and developmental goals, is shown. The reasons why artistic creativity is necessary for the full personal development of the child are listed. It is concluded that the problems of a person, dialogue, artistic creativity, which worried the great Russian teacher, remain the epicenter in the field of modern scientific and practical research. The ideas of the great thinker are not copied, but continue to live, develop, be rethought and creatively transformed.