Картографическое обеспечение исследования территориальных особенностей студенческой иммиграции в России

Abstract

In the article, based on the statistical data of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, a spatial analysis of modern student immigration in Russia is carried out at different territorial levels: subregions and countries of the world, federal districts and constituent entities of the Russian Federation. One of the most effective ways to study these processes is their mapping using geoinformation tools. A series of thematic maps has been constructed that reflect the territorial features of student international migration in Russia based on the principle of multi-scale. At each territorial level, maps were built for 2016 and 2021. three ways: quantitative background, dot and map charts. The main trend of recent years is the growth of student immigration in Russia, which has a beneficial effect on the sustainability of the demographic development of the state. The positive dynamics of international student flows in Russia was interrupted only in the first year of the covid-19 pandemic. The former countries of the Soviet Union, as well as non-CIS countries located in Asia and Africa, play a dominant role for Russia in terms of the exit of foreign students. The latest trend in student immigration flows in Russia is the declining role of Western countries. The geography of international student migration in Russia is characterized by significant territorial differentiation. A significant part of the flow of foreign students is concentrated in the capital universities of Russia (Moscow, St. Petersburg), as well as in Tatarstan. In Asian Russia, the leadership in the admission of foreign students belongs to the Novosibirsk, Tomsk and Omsk regions. The main trend of recent years is an increase in the concentration of foreign students in many regional centers of Russia, which will increase the impact of student immigration on the sustainability of the demographic development of Russia’s provincial regions.