Фарфор и фаянс из раскопок усадьбы Неудачина в Тобольске

Abstract

This article is devoted to the study of the archaeological excavations materials carried out by L. N. Sladkova in 1998, in the upper part of the Tobolsk city, on the territory of Neudachin’s estate (the intersection of modern Oktyabrskaya St. and Academician Yuri Osipov St.). The objects of the study were numerous fragments of porcelain and earthenware products found during excavations. In this research, there was an attempt to determine the place and time of manufacture of porcelain and earthenware products, guided primarily by the information on the manufacturer’s stamps. The publication provided statistical data concerning the species of the discovered artifacts, the material from which they were made, as well as options for their decoration. All the discovered porcelain and earthenware products could be divided by time into items made in Soviet times and in the pre-revolutionary period. In addition, attention was paid to the place of production of fi nds, some information about the porcelain and earthenware products manufacturers was provided. Soviet porcelain and earthenware table- ware of the USSR, apparently, was connected with the orphanage located there at that time, which, taking into account the war and post-war time, could not be provided with any expensive goods. But if we talk about the late 19 th — early 20th century, the situation was probably completely different. Apparently, this place, located not far from the Kremlin, was inhabited by people who occupied a fairly high posi- tion in the society and had the opportunity to surround themselves with expensive imported things, in- cluding dishes of the highest quality. The rank of the owner of Neudachin, who was a valid state councilor, speaks of his high property and social status. This is confirmed by the finds of imported items. It can be assumed that the urban elite lived here at an earlier time. The finds, previously attributed to Chinese and European porcelain, indicate that people with a high level of income lived on the estate.