Патогенетические механизмы тяжелых клинических форм стрептококковой инфекции у детей

Abstract

Currently, there is a significant increase in the morbidity of streptococcal infections, including the severe cases with a fatal outcomes. In this article we show the general information on the modern features of diseases caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcal (GAS) Infections), pathogenicity factors of the microbe and its strain diversity. Various aspects of immunopathogenesis in various clinical forms of streptococcal infection, such as tonsillitis, acute rheumatic fever, toxic shock syndrome, neurological and myocardial complications are discussed. The issues of association between the severe course of GAS infection against the background of previous chickenpox, influenza, infectious mononucleosis are described. Possible mechanisms of interaction of pathogens in combined virus-streptococcal infection are presented. The ways of avoiding streptococcus from the host's protective reactions, the features of the innate and adaptive immune response in various clinical forms of streptococcal infections, as well as the role of viruses in the pathogenesis of severe disease in children are reflected. The tactics of pathogenetic therapy using the medicine of complex action cytoflavin, which allows optimizing the course of generalized streptococcal infection, is noted. Key words: streptococcal infections, viruses, immunopathogenesis, clinic, cytoflavin, strains