«ТАЙНЫ ДУШИ» И ДЕЙСТВИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ В ЛИРИКЕ Я. П. ПОЛОНСКОГО

Abstract

The article deals with the originality of the romantic method of Ya. P. Polonsky: the formation of the image of the lyrical hero in the poet’s early poetry in the spirit of romantic subjectivism of the early 19th century and its transformation in mature poetry, the refraction of the psychological personality of the creator in his work, the consonance of the image of the romantic hero to the mental and psychological constitution of Polonsky-the human. The artistic realization of the romantic worldview of Ya. P. Polonsky is viewed: in his appeal to fantasy plots, to the «parallelism» of the world of nature and the inner life of man, the intertwining of the «existential», «real» with the ideal-romantic in «dream» poetry, in the setting of the theme «Poet and poetry» is indicated. The “off-text image” of Polonsky in his early lyrics presented to the readers as a detached romantic. At the same time, the poetry of Ya. P. Polonsky was characterized by the effect of «accessibility», openness of the poet’s peace of mind. Over time, the poet forms his own individually outlined world of «magic» romanticism, conformable to his psychological state, mood that was recognized byhis contemporaries. In setting the theme «poet and poetry» the canons of the romantic tradition are observed: the poet – prophet is unnecessary among people, but is proud of his solitude, serving the highest ideals. But for Polonsky it is not an abstract solitude. It is a constant and depressing understanding of one’s own disorder with a conscious talent, a humiliating material dependence on people who are unfamiliar and unavailable to bursts of inspiration and who “condescend” to the poet. The analysis involved the lyrics of Ya. P. Polonsky of different years, diaries, memoirs, contemporary poetry criticism, periodicals and archival documents.