ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ МАТЕРИАЛОВ С ИЗМЕНЯЮЩИМСЯ ФАЗОВЫМ СОСТОЯНИЕМ В ОГРАЖДАЮЩИХ КОНСТРУКЦИЯХ

Abstract

The article covers various aspects of the use of materials with a changing phase state in the envelope building structures for energy and resource saving. Such materials are used to control the microclimate in buildings (in cooling or heating systems) and in the building structures since they are able to absorb excess energy and subsequently release it in the event of energy shortage. The building envelope structures using materials with a phase transition accumulate the solar radiation energy during peak temperatures in the daytime and consume it at lower temperatures, which reduces energy consumption and improves a thermal comfort by smoothing temperature fluctuations in the room, reducing and/or shifting peak loads. The article treats the classification and properties of materials with a phase transition, methods and results of their integration into the building materials and structures based on a detailed review of scientific publications abroad. It was found that the climatic operating conditions significantly affect the efficiency of materials with a phase transition in the envelope structures, while their operation at predominantly negative temperatures for walls has virtually not been studied and is of interest for further research. The article shows the temperature and energy values of phase transitions for more than 300 brands of commercial materials with a changing phase state.