“Аутсорсинговое благоденствие” и другие экономико-политические последствия трансграничной миграции

Abstract

The aim of the article is to present the state of art in the research related to economic and political aspects of trans-border migration. The paper is based on the overview of recently published monographs that, firstly, reflect typical themes and trends of modern research, secondly, concentrate on structural aspects of migration and not on technical policy-related issues, and thirdly, are characterized by creative formulation of research questions, detailed methodologies, and comprehensive lines of argumentation. On the basis of the overview of those sources, the author of the article draws eight main conclusions. (1) Migration in the current research agenda is largely understood as a process that is intrinsic to modern societies. Such a perspective has led to increasing attention of specialists to economic and social stratification of migrant communities. (2) The publications aim at suggesting arguments to reduce the degree of harshness of the migration situation through the improvement of immigration policies. (3) The researchers specializing in migration studies demonstrate high awareness and use politically correct language, their academic research is characterized by thoroughness. The augmenting importance of international migration forces the researchers to solve serious cognitive and political problems. (4) Modern scientists carefully coin the research methodology that in the majority of cases is predisposed to the use of quantitative methods. (5) The research agenda is subjected to the influence of decisions, programs, research projects of international organizations, especially those of the World Bank and the International Organization for Migration. (6) Today, researchers predominantly tend to develop methodology to explore the current policy-making, and provide policy recommendations in preference to creation of comprehensive theories. (7) The current research generally identifies and analyzes the core problems that arise between institutions and subjects of migration processes derived from discrepancy between the states of the “Global North” and the “Global South”, inequality of migrant qualifications, the concurrent approaches of enterprises, public institutions, migrants themselves and receiving states. (8) Researchers try to find answers to the current challenges of migration by suggesting partial, superficial reforms of migration regimes, immigration rules and policies to attract skilled migrant workers.