Клинические варианты периферических увеитов у детей и их осложнения

Abstract

Purpose. To study the frequency and structure of complications of peripheral uveitis (PU) in children who were hospitalized in the Khabarovsk branch of The S. Fyodorov Eye Microsurgery Federal State Institution in the period from 2015 to 2020. Material and methods. The object of the study were 20 children (40 eyes) with bilateral chronic recurrent PU. In addition to standard examination methods, optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed. And to clarify the etiological diagnosis of PU, laboratory examinations and examinations by specialists of a narrow profile were carried out. Results. The results of enzyme immunoassay showed the presence of IgG to the herpes simplex virus in 14 patients (70 %), IgG to the Epstein-Barr virus - 12 patients (60 %), IgG to cytomegalovirus – 15 patients (75 %). Two children were found to be infected with Toxoplasma gondii (IgG) and Chlamydia trachomatis (IgG). The results obtained show a significant role of herpesvirus infections in the development of PU in children. In a prospective observation, the most common complication was unilateral or bilateral complicated cataract (8 eyes – 20 %). In 4 eyes – 10 %, according to OCT, cystic macular edema was detected. Traction retinal detachment was diagnosed in 2 eyes of one 15-year-old child. Conclusion. It was found that the main etiological cause of PU was herpesvirus infection. Complicated cataract was the most frequent complication of PU (20 %). The results of the conducted studies are of practical importance for the development of rational treatment tactics in children with PU. Keywords: peripheral uveitis, complications, childhood, etiology.