ДИСКУРС ТРАНСКУЛЬТУРАЦІЇ ТА КУЛЬТУРНОЇ ГІБРИДНОСТІ ЯК ПРЕДМЕТ ЛІТЕРАТУРНОЇ КОМПАРАТИВІСТИКИ

Abstract

Theories of hybrid culture and transculturalism are analyzed from the point of view of comparative literature. In the modern world the transformation of multiculturalism and globalism towards transculture is an inevitable consequence of the complicated processes of cultural interaction in all countries of the world. Transculturalism is an alternative to multiculturalism as a product of globalism and has different rhetoric of the Other. The transcultural concept, put forward by F. Ortiz as an alternative to the asymmetric concept of acculturation in the area of cultural contacts, provided opportunities for describing the complex processes of cultural interaction in the era of globalization. Transculture is based on the cultural polyphony, in which there should not be a complete synthesis, where the cultures retain some opacity. The concept of transculturality can be used as a basis for a modern comparative analysis of literature. At the same time, key issues of interaction of cultures in post-Soviet discourse are not solved. Therefore, the study of methodologies of post-Soviet studies is important not only as theoretical problem, but also as a problem of general cultural significance. Therefore, the Caribbean philosophy, which is being built as a significant element of contemporary comparativism in the field of interaction between cultures, directly concerns the problems of choosing ways of further postcolonial development of postSoviet cultures. Transculturalism proposes the principle of hybridity instead of the archaic principle of the purity of national culture, declaring the change in attitude to national languages, cultural traditions and the very concept of nation-state, giving way to the processes of transnationalization and polyglossia associated with the principle of the networked cosmopolitanism. This is a new relationship between languages and cultures. Ultimately, this new andmagological interaction between the Own and the Other. It is a search for a new unity of the various Others.