Особенности восприятия научного текста студентами медицинского университета: психолингвистический эксперимент

Abstract

The article highlights a psycholinguistic experiment performed to describe the process of perception, understanding and generation of a scientific text by students of a medical university. Research texts and scientific communication are media of the institutional discourse and communication. The text, in this case, is addressed in its dynamic state, thus correlating with cognitive processes of understanding and perception. The text, being a powerful tool of speech influence, allows evaluating and analyzing diverse types of cognitive activity of its recipients. The study is of current interest, since, as reported, modern ways of communication disseminated through mass media and social networks result in decreased cognitive and analytical abilities of young people. All of the above determined the purpose and objectives of the study: to describe the process of scientific communication the participants of which are medical university students; to consider features of perceiving a scientific text by this category of readers, to specify models of understanding a scientific text. The experiment consisted of two stages: the stage of material collection using the countertext approach developed by A.I. Novikov, and the stage of processing and analysing the material obtained. To evaluate appropriateness of the stimulus text to the experimental conditions, we analysed the text quantitatively and qualitatively using the RuLingva text analyzer according to the criteria of “readability”, “informativeness”, “abstractness”, “complexity”. The analysis of the material obtained allowed describing the strategies and models used by the medical students in the process of scientific communication. The most frequent reactions were the reactions of a meaningful nature corresponding to the stages of cognitive activity – “paraphrasing”, “statement”, “generalization”, “association”; also new reactions were described: “recommendation”, “disapproval”, “empathy”, “indifference” – their manifestation may be due to the presence of “medical experience” among the participants of the experiment.