Головная боль напряжения: современные данные нейробиологии и возможности лечения

Abstract

ension headache (TH) is the most common neurological disease. According to epidemiological data, about 2.33 billion people in the world periodically experience the TH. In recent years unreasonably little attention has been paid to TH, despite the high prevalence and significant impairment of daily activity and life quality in many patients. The review examines the neurobiology issues of the TH, genetic factors, and pathophysiological mechanisms of TH development. Despite all the difficulties in understanding the neurobiology of TH, it can be assumed that peripheral factors play a major role in the development of painful episodes in TH, and central sensitization is the leading link in this disease chronification. The review describes the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and classification of TH, as well as modern methods for its treatment and prevention. The following three treatment blocks are used to effectively help patients with TH: behavioral therapy, relief of painful episodes and preventive treatment. It is noted that non-drug therapies are the basis for the prevention of TH, whereas pharmacotherapy is used to relieve an acute episode of headache and for preventive treatment in frequent and chronic forms of TH. KEYWORDS: tension headache, neurobiology, diagnostics, therapy, NSAID, antispasmodic agent. FOR CITATION: Sergeev A.V. Tension headache: modern neurobiology data and treatment options. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2022;6(10):563–570 (in Russ.). DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2022-6-10-563-570.