ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИЯ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ СЛИЗИСТОЙ ОБОЛОЧКИ РТА (ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЙ ОБЗОР)

Abstract

Subject. A literature review was conducted on the most complex and poorly studied section of therapeutic dentistry – diseases of the oral mucosa.
 The object – literature search and analysis of current data on the study of risk factors affecting the development and aggravation of pathological conditions on the oral mucosa.
 Methodology. Scientific publications using library databases have been studied: Elibrary, PubMed, Google Scholar. The analysis of the information was carried out on 48 sources.
 Results. The role of risk factors in the development of pathological processes on the mucous membrane of the mouth is described. The influence of socio-behavioral determinants, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, on the occurrence of pathological, in particular, precancerous conditions in the oral cavity is indicated. Particular attention is paid to the traumatic component, among which injuries with dentures come to the fore, in the development of lesions on the oral mucosa. The significance of comorbid pathology in the occurrence of oral diseases is reflected. It was noted that among the leading positions in the development of dermatoses on the mucous membrane of the mouth are occupied by neurogenic conditions. Changes on the mucous membrane of the mouth in patients with vitamin-mineral imbalances in the body are illuminated. The relationship between the appearance of lesions on the oral mucosa and the environmental characteristics of the area of residence has been demonstrated.
 Conclusions. The importance of investigating oral mucosal diseases in a particular region is emphasized in relation to the influence of certain risk factors in order to develop and improve preventive programs for the preservation of dental health.