Значение материнского микробиома в развитии поздней задержки роста плода

Abstract

The purpose — to assess the possible influence of the microbiome of the vagina, oral cavity and placenta of women on the late fetal growth retardation syndrome. Material and methods. A prospective-retrospective analysis of pregnancy and childbirth in 80 pregnant women was carried out. The main group consisted of 40 women with late fetal growth retardation syndrome, the comparison group — 40 healthy pregnant women. The study of the microbiome of the vagina, oral cavity, and placenta was carried out by sequencing of nitrogenous bases in the 16S ribosomal RNA (r-RNK) genes in 15 patients with fetal growth retardation and 8 healthy pregnant women. The Fast-DNA SPIN Kit was used to isolate the DNA material. The isolated DNA was subjected to subsequent PCR amplification followed by sequencing with forward primers and reagent kits. Results. The vaginal microbiome in women of both observation groups was characterized by the predominance of Lactobacillus, the content of which was more than 90%. The oral microbiome in both observation groups was marked by the predominance of two main bacterial types — Firmicutes and Prevotella, while Streptococcus was dominant in women with fetal growth retardation. In the placenta of women with fetal growth retardation, the bacterial diversity was significantly lower than in healthy pregnant women. The oral and placental microbiome influences the development of the late fetal growth retardation syndrome. Conclusion. The influence of the altered maternal microbiome on the formation of late fetal growth retardation is not excluded.