Аналіз стану гібридних вітроенергетичних установок та їх імітаційне моделювання

Abstract

The analysis of the provision of wind power plants of low power power supply to different consumers, taking into account the installed capacity and remoteness, is carried out. The expediency of using some design solutions of wind power plants with a horizontal axis of rotation, which are included in the power limitation up to 20 kW, is considered. It was found that low-power hybrid wind turbines equipped with storage devices are the most suitable option for providing power supply to consumers, where there is no centralized power grid within a radius of 20 km. It is noted that the most preferable for use are synchronous alternators over asynchronous or direct current generators. Two technical solutions for the operation of wind turbines are considered, one of which combines the traditional use of the installation with the consumer; and in the other - the connection of the wind turbine with an electric consumer using solar panels, a storage battery and a voltage inverter. It is noted that both options have their own advantages and disadvantages in practice, as well as a feature of the electromechanical system of wind turbines is the unpredictable and uncontrollable input of primary energy of a stochastic air flow, which leads to fluctuations in the output parameters (voltage and current frequency). Therefore, in order to eliminate this drawback and ensure the supply of electricity to consumers, the electricity generated by the generator will be used to charge the storage battery. It is noted that the disadvantages of traditional wind turbines create a significant contradiction, consisting in the emergence of the need to increase their energy efficiency of operation by improving the traditional design, on the one hand, and the inability of existing wind turbines to provide such an increase, on the other hand. In this case, the most rational solution may be the use of a wind turbine design with solar panels, which will ensure the operation of the wind turbine in a windless period and efficient adjustment of electrical payloads with increasing wind speed using the accumulated energy to power the current collectors. When conducting research in the field of wind energy, it is often necessary to use different models. The mathematical model describes a real object only with a certain degree of approximation (detail). In this case, the type of model depends both on the nature of the object under study and on the research tasks, modeling techniques, and the required accuracy of object description. The study proposes a simulation model of a wind power plant in the Simulink software application to estimate the generated power. The dependences of the design power of the wind turbine on the wind speed at three different radii of the wind turbine are obtained. Key words: wind power plant, consumer, installed capacity, renewable energy sources, wind speed, simulation, wind turbine, storage battery, generator, voltage inverter