Уточненная методика расчета курсовых углов автомобиля в конце торможения

Abstract

Reducing the number of road accidents is an urgent task, the solution of which can be achieved, including by improving the design of vehicles. One of the most common causes of road accidents is the occurrence of a car skidding during braking with its subsequent exit from the traffic corridor. The effective development of new vehicle safety systems that increase its directional stability during braking and the improvement of existing systems is possible only if there are reliable methods that take into account the main parameters of the vehicle that affect its stability during braking. The currently existing methods and expressions for calculating the heading angles of a car at the end of braking have a number of assumptions that facilitate the calculations. This does not diminish their value, but slightly reduces accuracy. The purpose of this work was to clarify the methodology for calculating the permissible and actual heading angles of the vehicle at the end of braking. Within the framework of the work, theoretical studies have been carried out, based on the analysis of existing research on this topic. Based on the analysis performed, it was found that the existing methods and expressions for calculating the heading angle of a car at the end of braking do not take into account the effect of differences in the track dimensions of the front and rear axles of the car, and the center of mass of the car is conventionally assumed to be located on the longitudinal axis of the car. Evaluation of the influence of these parameters on the accuracy of calculations has not been carried out at present, there are no expressions for calculating the permissible heading angle of the vehicle at the end of braking. As a result of theoretical studies, a refined technique was obtained, including expressions for calculating the actual heading angle of the vehicle at the end of braking under various braking modes. The previously specified parameters are taken into account in the expressions obtained. An equation was derived to calculate the permissible heading angle of the car at the end of braking, taking into account the dimensions of the car, its location relative to the edge of the carriageway and the width of the lane. The refined expressions and the resulting equation that form the methodology for calculating the heading angles of the vehicle at the end of braking represent the scientific novelty of this work. To increase the efficiency of calculations according to the proposed method, a computer program has been developed. The direction of further research is to assess the adequacy and accuracy of the proposed methodology using the developed program.