Abstract
The paper examines the effect of ion treatment of contacting surfaces on the activation of mass transfer processes during diffusion welding of metals. Using the example of welding titanium alloys, stainless steel with armco-iron and steel 45, it was determined that the preliminary ion cleaning of the welded surfaces in a glow discharge in an argon environment significantly reduces the time of the incubation period associated with the diffusional absorption of oxygen layers adsorbed on the surface, and provides a reduction in time isothermal aging until the maximum strength of the connection is reached.It is also shown that to ensure the strength of the welded joint at the level of strength of the base metal, it is sufficientto form a transition layer with a thickness of 3...4 microns, which experiences the largest plastic deformations at the first stage of welding. A further increase in the thickness of the transition layer practically does not lead to an increase in strength.Ionic activation of the surfaces to be joined, which is carried out in a vacuum chamber immediately before welding, provides an increase in the diffusion coefficient in the transition zone by approximately three times compared to standard surface preparation by washing them in solvents, and by almost two orders of magnitude compared to the self-diffusion coeffi-cient of the elements. It was established that when welding stainless steel with steel 45, the efficiency of ion activation of surfaces decreases, which is due to the reductive nature of the interaction of carbon contained in the composition of steel 45 in a significant amount, with oxides in the welding zone.It is shown that the most effective application of ionic activation of surfaces during diffusion welding of metals that arehomogeneous or similar in chemical composition, when there is no such important factor of intensification of mass transfer processes as the concentration gradient of elements in the welding zone, as well as metals that contain a small amount of reducing elements, in particular, carbon
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