ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ТА ПРОБЛЕМИ РОЗВИТКУ МІЖНАРОДНОЇ ТОРГІВЛІ ТРАНСПОРТНИМИ ПОСЛУГАМИ УКРАЇНИ

Abstract

The article is focused on the study of threats and opportunities for the development of Ukraine’s international trade in transport services. The purpose of the study is to identify, based on the analysis of the state and structure of Ukraine’s international trade in transport services, the prospects and problems of the country's transport sector development in the new economic and geopolitical realities. Methods of study – methods of economic, system, historical and graphical analysis. As the result of the analysis, it was established that the efficiency of transport and transit potential available in Ukraine usage today is low. For a long time, pipeline transport dominated in export of transport services structure and share of this transport began to decrease only in recent years under the influence of external factors. It was determined that the full-scale war on the territory of Ukraine created a number of additional threats to the realization of the country's transport potential. The biggest problem of the transport sector today is the physical destruction of the rolling stock of transport enterprises and the destruction of the transport infrastructure. Today, the government is already taking measures to preserve the functioning of the transport infrastructure, carrying out restoration measures, and involves business in the reconstruction process. However, the government needs to support transport companies more actively in updating their fleet of vehicles, by promoting the use of leasing or partially covering vehicle purchase costs. Given the significant role of pipeline transport in the export structure, the reduction of gas transit through the Ukrainian gas transport system creates a threat of country losing its transit status. Neutralization of this problem requires the government to intensify diplomatic activity with the aim of involving Ukraine in the transit of energy carriers to Europe from alternative sources. In addition, it is advisable to study the technical possibilities and economic feasibility of reorienting the Ukrainian gas transportation system to the transportation of biomethane or hydrogen. In addition to the mentioned problems, opportunities for the development of the international trade in transport services, which have arisen to date, have been identified. It has been established that Ukraine's involvement in international initiatives, joining regional alliances and signing agreements in the field of transport with the EU will allow maintaining the functioning of the country's transport sector during the war; create prerequisites for rapid post-war recovery, more active involvement of Ukraine in the European transport network, further active development of the transport sector and more complete realization of the country's existing transit potential.