УРОЖАЙНОСТЬ И КАЧЕСТВО КАРТОФЕЛЯ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ПЛОЩАДИ ПИТАНИЯ

Abstract

The relationship between the yield per unit area and the size of the feeding area is expressed by a parabolic curve. This curve is also characteristic of the action of many other agrotechnical factors – fertilizer application rates, when their influence is studied against the constant background of other conditions that determine the yield. The article examines and identifies different areas of nutrition of potato varieties with a plant density of thousand/ha. It was revealed that the Luck variety had the highest productivity of potatoes with different feeding area schemes, at 70x35 cm the yield was 154 kg/ha, and at 70x25 cm – 194 kg/ha. The yield of the Romano variety was less – 149-183 kg/ha. With a feeding area of 70x35 cm, the marketability of the Romano variety was the highest – 90.4%, the starch content was 11.8%, and the Luck variety had a slightly lower marketability and amounted to 88.3%, the starch content was 12.4% higher than that of the Romano variety. The marketability of tubers is determined by the signs, with the smell and taste characteristic of this botanical variety, healthy, ungrown, whole, dry. The minimum size of tubers for round-oval potatoes is 30 cm, for an elongated shape – 25 mm. The content of tubers of smaller sizes is allowed no more than 5%, with growths, growths that have turned green on an area of more than 2 cm2, but not more than ¼ of the tuber surface - no more than 2%. The content of tubers affected by wet, dry, ring rot and late blight is not allowed. Variants of the experiment with different planting schemes, the marketability of potato tubers in the Romano variety was 86.3-89.5%, and in the Udacha variety it was less than 84.5-86.9%. The starch content was high in the Udacha variety 11.1-11.9%, and in the Romano variety it was slightly less and amounted to 10.8-11.4%.