К ВОПРОСУ ОБ ОБЕСПЕЧЕННОСТИ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ КАРТОФЕЛЕМ СОБСТВЕННОГО ПРОИЗВОДСТВА

Abstract

The scientific article contains a theoretical review of scientific literature on the problems of increasing potato production in conditions of import substitution, ensuring storage and sales, as well as prospects for reducing imports and developing a potato export network. A study of potato production volumes in 2012 – 2021 was conducted. An increase in potato production volumes was revealed in 2014, 2015 and 2018; in the same years, a decrease in crop production volumes was observed. In 2016, 2020 and 2021, there was a decrease in potato production volumes of up to 12% compared to previous years; in the same years, there was a decrease in its yield (up to 7%) and sown areas (up to 9%). The area under agricultural crops in the Russian Federation occupied more than 117 million hectares, and by 2022 it had decreased to 80 million hectares. The leaders in potato production in 2023 are the Bryansk, Tula, Moscow and Nizhny Novgorod regions; the Perm Territory is not included in the TOP 20 for potato production. Imports of potatoes into the Russian Federation in 2019–2021 did not exceed 5% of the volume of all potatoes produced domestically, which indicates a level of food security in the range of 95–97%. An analysis of potato export volumes in 2019 – 2021 showed a sharp decrease (by half): in 2019, 3% of potatoes produced in the country were exported, in 2020 – 4%, and in 2021 – less than 2%. Thus, there is great potential for priority development of the potato growing industry.