Сравнительный анализ условий готовности России и Украины к неоиндустриализации

Abstract

The relevance of the study is that a comparative analysis of the conditions of readiness for neo-industrialization of economic systems (states, regions, industrial complexes, industrial enterprises), taking into account the totality of obstacles and risks, makes it possible to establish competitive advantages and weaknesses of objects, strategic and operational directions, effective tools for achieving goals in a new technological order. The aim of the study is to carry out a comparative analysis of the conditions for the readiness of the industry in Russia and Ukraine for neo-industrialization based on digitalization. The methodological basis of the research is made up of general and general scientific methods of cognition, as well as the concrete historical method, the comparative historical method, the method of the unity of the historical and the logical, the method of comparative analysis, etc. Considering that Russia and Ukraine had equal starting conditions for the beginning of neo-industrialization after the collapse of the USSR, and in the post-Soviet period there were a number of general tendencies in de-industrialization, then the modern experience of Russia should be considered as a standard for a number of post-Soviet countries. The article presents the main results of a comparative analysis of obstacles (institutional, technological, socio-economic) to neo-industrialization in Russia and Ukraine. It has been substantiated that synergistic and multiplier effects from neo-industrialization can be obtained through complex solutions in the spheres of institutions, technologies and economics. The study also presents a classification of risks (by levels of formation: global, supra-organizational, including sectoral, organizational; by areas: social, environmental, cyber-physical, etc.) of neo-industrialization and assessed them. It has been established that against the background of the continuing «active» processes of de-industrialization in the Ukrainian industry, the Russian industry has a much higher degree of readiness for neo-industrialization, including due to the digitalization of the manufacturing industry. The process of de-industrialization in Ukraine can be stopped only with economic integration with Russia. Having a sufficiently high scientific and educational potential, states should transform it as actively as possible into fundamental innovations: technological, institutional, managerial, product innovations. The practical significance of the obtained research results lies in the fact that the developed scientific and methodological approaches allow assessing the level of readiness of economic systems for neo-industrialization and comparative analysis with the standard, diagnosing competitive advantages and weaknesses, which should be further taken into account when justifying and implementing strategic and operational decisions. In subsequent publications, the results will be presented, reflecting the developed applied directions and proposed measures to accelerate the neoindustrialization of the two countries, taking into account the spatial and industrial, technological, institutional, organizational and managerial, financial and economic and quantitative (economic and mathematical modeling of the «digital factor» of production) aspects.