Эффективность адаптивно-интегрированной защиты картофеля на высоком инфекционном фоне

Abstract

One of the leading problems in potato growing is the inconsistency of phytosanitary parameters of seed potatoes with the requirements of national standards. This is facilitated by the traditionally used chemical protection of plants, which leads to the selection of resistant strains of pathogens and, as a consequence, a high level of infestation of the planting material. An environmentally oriented approach to potato cultivation technology is adaptive-integrated protection, which implies the creation of integrated plant protection systems against diseases. The aim of the study is to assess the effectiveness of adaptively integrated protection of potatoes against diseases of various etiologies against a high infectious background. The research was carried out in the Laishevsky district of the Tatarstan Republic on the Rodriga variety. According to the results of tuber analysis, it was established that the prevalence rates of diseases exceeded the requirements of GOST 33996-2016. Seed tubers were treated with Revus® fungicide; during the growing season, a double treatment with Famox® and Gymnast® preparations was carried out. In the variant of integrated protection, the treatment was carried out with half the norms of fungicides with the biopreparation Phytosporin®-AS. The use of adaptive-integrated protection of potato during the first growing season led to activation of the destruction of plant residues and an increase in the number of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms, a decrease in the content of phytopathogenic and to increase antagonistic microflora. The biological effectiveness of the integrated protection of Rodriga potatoes on high infectious background against in the first year of vegetation (late blight, vascular wilt of potato, dry rot of potato, black scab, bacterial rot) was 61.5-100%, which led to an increase crop yield.