Abstract
A distinguishing feature of the Arctic zone landscapes is the abundance of open young surfaces, devoid of vegetation, on which primary successions of biota develop. They are formed mainly along the shores of the Arctic Ocean and are actively developed by flora and fauna. The emergence of a «new land» is due to the wide of neotectonic uplifts in the Arctic, the retreat of glaciers, the drying up of thermokarst lakes, and alluvial and eolian processes. Along with this, as a result of the widespread rise in sea level, there is an increase in the area of water, retreat and destruction of coasts, especially in permafrost regions. The authors, using original methods for analyzing satellite images of 1990—1995 and 2018—2022 and synthesizing published data, try to assess the balance of the outcomes of the multidirectional processes of the appearance of the “new land” and the rise of the ocean level in the western sector of the Arctic coast of Russia under the conditions of climate change.
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