Abstract
Currently, there is a growth of industry in various sectors, including chemical and petrochemical in Russia and abroad. However, this rise in industry is inextricably linked to the emergence of environmental problems. Therefore, when developing new technologies, production facilities and improving existing ones, special attention is paid to their environmental aspect. These industries include the production of synthetic rubbers. The production of synthetic rubber is a multi-stage technology; at some stages certain problems are observed. For example, the coagulation stage is characterized by increased contamination of wastewater with residues of coagulating, acidifying agents and components of the emulsion system. Therefore, research in the direction of improving the environmental friendliness of this stage is important and relevant. Research on the search for new promising coagulants has been carried out. A comparative assessment of the coagulating ability of ammonium salts based on hydroxylamine hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid in comparison with ammonium chloride and sulfate and sodium chloride is carried out. The effectiveness of the coagulating action of these inorganic ammonium salts is studied on industrial rubber latex SKS-30 ark. It is found that the yield of rubber crumbs naturally increased with a growth in the consumption of the coagulating agent and a decrease in the temperature regime of the process. Positive results are achieved when nitrogen-containing salts are used to reduce the aggregative stability of disperse systems. Сaoutchouc and rubbers in their basic indicators meet the requirements.
Highlights
When developing new technologies, production facilities and improving existing ones, special attention is paid to their environmental aspect. These industries include the production of synthetic rubbers
The coagulation stage is characterized by increased contamination of wastewater with residues of coagulating, acidifying agents and components of the emulsion system
A comparative assessment of the coagulating ability of ammonium salts based on hydroxylamine hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid in comparison with ammonium chloride and sulfate and sodium chloride is carried out
Summary
Прежде всего это связано с тем, что процесс выделения каучука из латекса сопровождается большим расходом коагулирующего агента, в случае применения в. Применение в качестве коагулирующего агента растворов солей на основе металлов второй группы периодической системы значительно снижает их расход, однако не решает полностью возникшую проблему. Так исследования авторов [7] показывают, что применение в технологии получения синтетических каучуков в качестве коагулянтов низкомолекулярных и высокомолекулярных четвертичных солей аммония, является одним из перспективных способов снижения расхода коагулянта в десятки раз. Дальнейшие изучения по применению других солей аммония в технологии выделения каучуков из латекса позволяет расширить не только области их применения, но и внести существенный научный вклад в развитие теоретических основ по изучению устойчивости дисперсных систем к действию электролитов различной природы. Данные расходы в два-три раза меньше необходимого для полной коагуляции
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