Модель циркулярної економіки як один із трендів сталого розвитку

Abstract

The article presents the advantages of implementing the conception of circular economy (CE), which are not limited to reducing pressure on natural systems, but are based on economic benefits associated with the creation of new jobs, increasing labor productivity, and increasing the competitiveness of the economy. In the course of the study, the author proves that the effective implementation of the conception of circular economy should rely on simultaneous consideration of both perspectives: taking measures by enterprises and implementing at both the political and social levels. Enterprises will only implement environmental methods if it provides them with economic benefits. However, without the support of initiative in the top-down direction (for example, grants and tax incentives), aimed at limiting the use of raw materials, limiting emissions and pollution, there will be no permanent closure of the cycle of material flows. The implementation of the conception of circular economy is based on the so-called 3R (recycle, reuse, reduce). The author analyzes the principles of circular economy, namely: preservation and increase of natural capital by controlling limited reserves and balancing the flows of renewable resources; optimizing the use of resources through the circulation of products, components and materials used with the highest utility in both the technical and biological cycle; maintaining the efficiency of the system by identifying and projecting negative external effects. The developed conceptual model provides for a balance between «top-down» and «bottom-up» approaches, taking into account (not limiting) the disparities in the motivation of different stakeholders of the CE conception in the context of harmonization of economic, environmental and social benefits. The development of sustainable business models is associated with ecodesign, as well as with reverse supply chains. The carried out research can become the basis for further empirical research and provide assistance to decision makers in creating different scenarios by including more specific and industry-specific variables.