근대 서양인이 바라본 한국의 영토와 해양 : 간도와 독도를 중심으로

Abstract

The French named the island the Liancourt Rocks after the French whaling ship Liancourt which charted the island in 1849, while the English referred to it as the Hornet Rocks. The Russians called the island Menalai and Olivutsa Rocks. The Japanese first referred to Ulleungdo as Takeshima and Dokdo as Matsushima, but in 1905, when they claimed the island as Japanese territory, they began to call Dokdo Takeshima. Gando refers to a small piece of land and between north Korea and northeast China. In 1712, the border between Qing and Joseon was formally demarcated. For years, Qing officials did not allow people to move to northeast China. Peasants in northern Korea migrated to Gando to flee famine and poverty. The Yalu River boundary is of little dispute, but the interpretation of the Tumen River boundary ‘土門’ causes problems. The name of the river itself originates from the Jurchen word tumen, meaning ‘ten thousand’. The official boundary agreement in 1712 identified the Tumen river using the characters ‘土門’(Tǔmen) for the phonetic transcription. However, the modern Tumen River is written as 圖們(Tumen) in modern Chinese and as 豆滿 (두만) ‘Duman’. Koreans hence claim that the ‘Tumen’ referred to in the treaty is actually a tributary of the ‘松花’(Songhua) River.