Кратковременные и долговременные последствия коронавирусной инфекции для организма (обзор)

Abstract

To date, according to the COVID-19 Data Repository by the Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at Johns Hopkins University, there have been 250 million cases of the disease in the world, as well as 5.05 million deaths, which is almost equal to the population of the second largest city in Russia—Saint Petersburg. According to the current data, the leading countries in terms of patients infected and the number of deaths are the United States (46.4 million cases), India (34.4 million cases), Brazil (21.9 million), UK (9.3 million) and Russia (8.65). These statistics, among other factors, are attributed to high population density. The new coronavirus infection has led to a pandemic and has had physical, mental, psychological, social and economic consequences for the world population. To date, there is evidence of adverse effects of similar diseases caused by coronaviruses, namely, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). The obtained data suggest that COVID-19 has a negative impact on various systems of the human body: respiratory, cardiovascular, immune, and nervous. Possible complications include encephalitis, toxic encephalopathy, acute demyelinating lesions. COVID-19 can also intensify pre-existing neurological conditions. The paper discusses short-term adverse health effects as well as the risk of potential long-term negative effects associated with COVID-19.