Підвищення ефективності та безпечності агротехнологій за використання гумінових препаратів

Abstract

Goal. To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of humic preparations in the technologies of growing agricultural crops to reduce the pesticide load on agrocenoses and increase the safety of products. Methods. Informational and analytical (collection of materials and analysis of literary sources), field and laboratory research (setting up experiments, monitoring the development of plants, accounting, harvesting), mathematical and statistical method (processing of research results). As humic preparations, Gumifield, v.g. was used. and Fulvital, v.g., which were used both separately and in mixtures with pesticides for seed treatment and spraying of plants during the growing season. The results. Experiments conducted on various agricultural crops (winter wheat, soybeans, corn, winter rapeseed) using humic preparations testify to their growth and immunostimulating effect on plants. Humifield, V.G. and Fulvital, V.G. contributed to increasing the germination of plants, speeding up the passage of the phases of their development, activating the protective mechanisms of plants and increasing their productivity. The protective effect of mixtures of humates with pesticides, where chemicals were applied with a reduced rate of consumption, were at the level of pesticides with a full rate of consumption. With the use of humic preparations, the yield of crops compared to the control significantly increased: in mixtures with fungicides and poisoners — by an average of 30%, in mixtures with herbicides — by 1.8 times. Conclusions. The use of humic preparations in agrotechnologies contributes to a significant increase in the efficiency of cultivation and protection of agricultural crops. According to research results, humic preparations stimulated the growth and development of plants, increased their resistance to infectious diseases and adverse environmental factors, and contributed to the growth of crop yields. The combined use of humates with pesticides makes it possible to reduce the rate of consumption of chemical preparations by 20–30% without reducing the protective effect.