Оценка ресурсной обеспеченности: от ЕАЭС к Большому евразийскому пространству

Abstract

Considering the transformation of global economic relations, Russia strives to strengthen cooperation within the Greater Eurasian space (GES) on the basis of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). The study aims to develop an approach to assessing the resource provision of the GES development. The Balassa method and the analysis of documents were used to distinguish five institutional levels (beyond the EAEU) of the GES development: I — countries that have a free trade zone agreement with the EAEU; II — countries that have other agreements; III — cooperation is elaborated; IV — negotiations were conducted; V — countries interested in cooperation. According to 4 traditional production factors, 8 types of resource provision were revealed: raw, agroclimatic and food, labour, intellectual, production capacity, transport infrastructure, innovation, financial. For their assessment, the following statistical and authors’ indicators can be used: number of employees in a certain sector, added value in the manufacturing segment, number of researchers in the group of countries, 3-year state budget exceeding the public debt, fossil fuel reserves, etc. The assessment showed that the share of the Greater Eurasian space in the global gross domestic product, natural rent, industry (including high-tech), patent generation, investments, freight traffic, significantly increased in 2000–2021. The most significant contributions to the development of the Greater Eurasian space are: land, transport infrastructure, budget safety from the EAEU; labour, land, GDP from countries except China; labour, production capacity, transport infrastructure, technology, international reserves from China. Such resource allocation strengthens cooperation within the GES, which is necessary to develop, introduce and promote advanced production technologies. Research results can be used to choose mechanisms and tools of international economic cooperation, as well as to simulate the movement of goods, services and production factors between the GES countries.