ЦИФРОВА ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ ЗАЛІЗНИЧНОГО ТРАНСПОРТУ ЯК ФАКТОР ЙОГО ІННОВАЦІЙНОГО РОЗВИТКУ

Abstract

In order to ensure the innovative development of railway transport, the prerequisites for ensuring its digital transformation are studied. The content of digitalization and its advantages for business are revealed. In particular, it is established that digitalization in the business sector contributes to technological progress by optimizing and improving the accuracy and efficiency of work. Attention is focused on the activation of digital transformations in the railway transport of the EU countries and it is revealed that the main standard for the introduction of digital innovations is ERTMS, which includes the European train control system and GSM-R mobile networks to ensure communication between trains and radio units. Now ERTMS projects, which are usually called digital Railways, are developing in the UK, Germany and Norway and other countries. The state of ICT implementation in railway transport is revealed and it is determined that now realizuemih measures for the development of information and communication tools is extremely insufficient for the formation of digital advantages of railway transport. It is concluded that the impetus for the digital transformation of the railway industry are three main components. The first is the digital counterparts of objects, which are models that can display the physical state of a process in real time. The second is solutions that ensure the integration of all enterprise information systems on a single digital platform. The third component is the development of the industrial Internet, which allows you to connect objects and individuals to a single network and provides data exchange. Digital transformation, which is based on these three components, can lead not only to improved reliability and quality of rail transport, but also to positive economic effects-reducing transaction costs, productivity growth, etc.The main directions of digital transformation in technological and organizational aspects are defined. It is found that the organizational context of the digital transformation of railway transport is based on: partnership and cooperation; changes in HR-strategy and culture; improvement of management quality; changes in organizational structure.