‘존재’ 의미를 나타내는 ‘이다’ 구문에 대한 통사·의미적 분석

Abstract

Objectives In this study, it aims to identify the ‘ida’ sentence with the meaning of ‘existence’ and to explore their structural and semantic features based on the actual corpus. Methods Firstly, using actual corpus data such as the Sejong Corpus and the SJ-RIKS Corpus, we retrieved use instances of the ‘ida’ sentence with the meaning of ‘existence’; Secondly, analyzed the structural types and constituent elements of the ‘ida’ sentence with the meaning of ‘existence’; Thirdly, the semantic features of the NP of the ‘ida’ sentence with the meaning of ‘existence’ are examined through a comparison with the ‘itta’ existence sentence; Finally, based on subjective theory and starting from the prototypical meaning of the ‘ita’ sentence, an explanation of the semantic features is offered. Results The results show that, Firstly, the basic structure of the ‘ida’ sentence with the meaning of ‘existence’ is ‘NPL+NP+ida’ and the sentence structure can be summarized into three types. Among them, there can be concrete and abstract places in the NPL position, and there are also vacancies. In the NP position, not only can there be specific living people or inanimate objects, but events and abstract thinking activities and emotions can appear as well; Secondly, by replacing ‘ida’ sentence with the meaning of ‘existence’ with the ‘itta’ existence sentence, it is concluded that the NP of the ‘ida’ sentence with the meaning of ‘existence’ has the features of [+sufficiency], [+uniqueness], and [+prominence]; Thirdly, the motivation behind the ‘ida’ sentence with the meaning of ‘existence’ with the above semantic features is that the speaker's subjective view that NPL and NP is equivalent identity. Conclusions This study examines the structure and semantic features of the ‘ida’ sentence with the meaning of ‘existence’. Although there are many shortcomings, I believe that this study has implications for the semantic study of copular sentences and the semantic category of Korean ‘existence’.