Скрининг микроорганизмов, способных ускорять процесс микробной трансформации птичьего помета

Abstract

Abstract. The purpose of the research. Screening of collection strains of microorganisms with enzymatic properties to accelerate the processes of microbial biodegradation of bird droppings. Research methods. The proteolytic activity of the grown cultures was studied according to GOST 20264.2-88, the total microbial number in the chicken droppings (CFU/ml) was analyzed, and the ammonium nitrogen was determined. Research results. As a result of the experiments, it was found that the highest proteolytic activity was demonstrated by the strain Pseudomonas putida 90 biovar A (171), which amounted to 74.6 units/g. When analyzing the effect of the studied collection strains on the decomposition processes of droppings, it was revealed that the largest number of microbial cells in bird droppings was achieved using Pseudomonas putida 90 biovar A (171), which was 104 CFU/ml at the beginning of the researches, and was the maximum and amounted to 1011 CFU/ml by the 15th day. The content of ammonium nitrogen in droppings treated with this culture decreased from 340 mg/l from the beginning of the experiment to 174 (15th day) and 169 mg/l (20th day) and it was the best indicator. When selecting the dose and concentration of the strain-producer Pseudomonas putida 90 biovar A (171) under introduction to bird droppings, it was found that to accelerate the process of biodegradation of bird droppings, the optimal dose for applying the studied culture is 4.0 % of organic waste mass with preliminary dilution by 2 times with water. At the same time, the optimal time of droppings keeping and the studied culture is 15 days. Scientific novelty. It was established for the first time that the treatment of chicken manure with the collection strain Pseudomonas putida 90 biovar A (171) accelerates the process of its microbial transformation.