СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫХ ЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКИХ СТАНДАРТОВ, РЕГУЛИРУЮЩИХ ПРОЦЕССЫ «ЗЕЛЕНОГО» СТРОИТЕЛЬСТВА

Abstract

In the 20th century, a new direction of green construction appeared in architecture and construction industry. Green building implies the process of constructing and operating buildings that are environmentally friendly and sustainable, energy efficient, technologically advanced and comfortable for human habitation. Nowadays, many countries have a successful experience in developing and implementing systems to control and encourage green building. The most widespread ecological standards are BREEAM, LEED and DGNB. These main international standards for green certification of buildings are reviewed in the research. The main groups of criteria described in the green standards are identified. A comparative analysis of the requirements to the construction processes of international green standards is performed. Common features, advantages and disadvantages of international green building standards are revealed. The systemic approaches implemented in BREEAM, LEED and DGNB allow a building project to be assessed as reliably as possible and take into account its functional purpose. Green building standards have a strong engineering focus. BREEAM, LEED and DGNB principles have become the basis for local green building standards around the world.