Abstract
Reusing livestock by-products can increase the profitability of an agricultural enterprise and improve the environmental situation around it. One of the ways to process organic waste is anaerobic digestion to produce biogas. An analysis of common designs of biogas plant mixing systems showed that their common disadvantages are: increased risk of depressurization due to the presence of moving parts in the bioreactor and their seals; significant time costs to comply with the technology; with a sectional bioreactor, several pumps are used. An automated hydraulic mixing system has been developed for an experimental sample of a biogas plant, including: a recirculation pump, suction and discharge pipelines, time relays, solenoid valves for water supply, pressure gauges, valves. The influence of technological parameters of the hydraulic mixing system on the intensity of the gas formation process was studied. A regression equation was obtained to determine the influence of the duration and frequency of mixing on the efficiency of the process of processing livestock by-products. It has been established that in the selected interval the process of gas formation, according to the results of this multifactorial experiment, is directly proportional to the frequency of mixing of the processed substrate. Periodic stirring of the fermented mass for 10 minutes every 4 hours is proposed to maintain stable and efficient operation of the biogas plant. These technological parameters make it possible to more effectively prevent the formation of floating crust and sediment, areas of different temperatures and pH inside the digester, and also contribute to the uniform distribution of the bacterial population in the volume of the bioreactor.
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