МЯСНОЕ СКОТОВОДСТВО В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ БУРЯТИЯ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ

Abstract

The article considers one of the main directions of increasing the level of food security of the country at the present time – the development of specialized beef cattle breeding, which contributes to an increase in pro- duction volumes in Russia and the Republic of Buryatia. The purpose of the article is to identify the problems of the development of the beef catle breeding industry; it is recommended to take measures to increase the production of beef meat in Russia and the Republic of Buryatia. Methods used: static, comparison, deductive analysis with a monographic survey, and also used logical, static, mathematical methods of information processing. The natural and climatic conditions of the republic are characterized as extreme, which increase costs, require disproportionately significant costs for the production of crop products, necessitate an increase in feed for the production of live- stock products, due to a long stall period and low negative temperatures determine its high cost. For the development of pedigree farms engaged in beef cattle breeding, the following measures will be taken: creation of stations for testing pedigree bulls on the basis of cows’ own productivity. Beef cattle breeding in the Republic of Buryatia is the most labor-intensive industry with a long payback period, therefore this sector is underdeveloped. The main problems of beef cattle breeding: the lack of high-value breeding bulls, the technology of dairy and beef cattle breeding is carried out on an extensive basis, and the low potential of livestock productivity. The following activities will take place. Measures to increase the production of high-quality beef: formation of a breeding base for beef cattle breeding based on the provision of differentiated subsidies for the maintenance of broodstock of beef cattle according to the “cow-calf” system in breeding plants and pedigree reproducers; purchase of pedigree young stock of specialized meat breeds.