Векторная декомпозиция сейсмических данных методами волнового обращения во времени

Abstract

The paper analyzes the stage of decomposition of the initial seismic data in the methods of wave reversal in time when constructing seismic attributes. Within the framework of the formal approach of mapping the data of one space into the data of a space of a higher dimension, a classification of existing approaches in seismic exploration is given. Identification of the decomposition stage in the seismic data processing workflow makes it possible to highlight the differences in existing approaches to building seismic attributes and predict the future direction of seismic data processing. The concept of vector decomposition, originally used in the RTH method, is introduced. The variety of depth seismic attributes obtained in the RTH method based on vector decomposition allows solving a wide range of problems in the exploration and development of hydrocarbon deposits at a new qualitative level. The RTH method includes, as a special case, the PSDM, AVO, AI methods and is an alternative to the MVA, FWI methods, as well as the method of a velocity model bilding based on fast beam migration algorithms. A close connection between the technique of wavefront time reversal in seismic exploration and analogous time reversal in optics and acoustics is noted. Examples of seismic data processing using vector decompositio to identify zones of natural fracturing in shale oil are given.