Abstract
investigated antimicrobial activities of various pine (Pinus densiflora) needle extracts against antibiotic resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. Hot water extract showed the highest antimicrobial activity against normal and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), however, it exhibited no antimicrobial activity against penicillin resistant S. aureus (PRSA). Hot water-hexane (HWH), hot water-ethanol (HWE), hexane, and ethanol extracts showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, PRSA and MRSA. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of HWH, HWE, hexane, and ethanol extracts were 0.05, 0.05, 0.5 and 5 ㎎/㎖ respectively, and HWH and HWE extracts showed the strongest antimicrobial activity among these extracts. Antimicrobial activities of pine needle extracts were stable after heating at 121℃ for 20 min. These results suggested that pine needle extracts can be used as an effective natural antimicrobial agent for food and medical industries.
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