Митно-тарифна політика як ключовий компонент зовнішньоекономічної стратегії держави

Abstract

The aim of the article is to analyze the efficiency and impact of customs and tariff policy on the economic development of the State, in particular in the context of the overall foreign economic strategy, and to develop recommendations for optimizing this component. The customs and tariff policy is considered as a key component of the foreign economic strategy of the State. The main task of the study is to analyze, disclose the essence and impact of customs and tariff policy within the framework of the general foreign economic strategy of the State. The main trends in the development of the world economy in the sphere of customs policy are characterized, such as: trade liberalization, neoprotectionism and digitalization of customs processes, which are aimed at improving trade relations between countries, facilitating adaptation to modern conditions and technologies and increasing the efficiency of all processes in this area. In addition, the instruments of regulation of customs and tariff policy, their changes in the context of globalization and the challenges of the modern world are considered in detail. The Ukrainian classification of goods of foreign economic activity and the main types of rates in the customs tariff, which help to regulate the country’s foreign trade, are considered. A study of the dynamics of the volume of foreign trade operations of Ukraine has been carried out, within the framework of which the low efficiency, which is an indicator of imperfect customs policy in our country, has been proved. In this regard, the main directions of improvement of this industry were allocated, such as: active cooperation with the EU countries; automation of all customs procedures; reduction of corruption and implementation of anti-corruption measures; implementation of European generally accepted standards and provision of high-tech equipment. The conclusions, based on arguments, show that an effective customs and tariff policy is a necessary element to ensure the stability of the economy, support domestic entrepreneurship and increase the competitiveness of the State in the international market.