ОБРАЗ ДИНАСТИИ БЕКМУХАМЕДОВЫХ В ПРОЦЕССЕ СОЦИАЛЬНЫХ ИЗМЕНЕНИЙ КАЗАХСКОЙ СТЕПИ (XIX – НАЧАЛО XXВВ.)

Abstract

In the article, based on new archival documents extracted from the funds of the central archives of Kazakhstan and Russia, the process of embedding the Bekmukhamedov family into the imperial and Soviet system of government will be considered. Their destinies and careers reflected the choice of a range of opportunities that existed in their historical time. The founder of the Bekmukhamedov dynasty, foreman of the serkesh clan of the Inner Horde, biy Choltur served as adviser to Jangir Khan, deputy of the Enotaevsk district of the Astrakhan province.His son, Mukhamedzhan, a graduate of the Orenburg Cadet Corps, went from a translator to the Sultan of the 1st and 2nd Primorsk districts of the Inner Horde, entered the privileged estate of the Russian Empire - hereditary nobility. The third generation of Bekmukhamedovs met a new challenge, namely the revolutionary events of 1917, which became the basis for their inclusion in the Soviet system of government. ShavkatBekmukhamedov became a member of the Kazrevkom, the People’s Commissariat of Justice, the commission for the preparation of the Constitution of the ASSR. The Bekmukhamedov dynasty reflected all those social changes that took place at the late 19th - early 20th centuries in the Kazakh steppe, namely the transition from nomadic institutions of power to the Russian administrative structure and then the Soviet system.Key words: Kazakh officials, nobility of the Russian Empire, administrative reforms, Soviet power.